APPENDIX
I
Governance, Rights, and
Duties in Individual Consecration
- The
profession of the evangelical counsels indisputably belongs to the
life and holiness of the
Church. It is intimately connected
with the mystery of Christ, and has the duty of making somehow present the
way of life which Jesus himself chose and indicated as an absolute
eschatological value. The call is
accompanied by a specific gift of the Holy Spirit, so that consecrated
persons can respond to their vocation and mission.[1]
- The profession
of the evangelical counsels is a development of the grace of the Sacrament
of Confirmation, a call to live out chastity of celibacy or virginity;
obedience to God and to the Church; and a reasonable detachment from
material possessions; a specific call to holiness in the perfection of
love.[2]
- Christ
proposes the evangelical counsels, in their great variety, to every
disciple. The perfection of
charity, to which all the faithful are called, entails for those who
freely follow the call to consecrated life the obligation of practicing
chastity in celibacy for the sake of the Kingdom, poverty, and
obedience. It is the profession of
these counsels, within a permanent state of life recognized by the Church,
that characterizes the life consecrated to God.[3] Profession of the evangelical counsels
through vow or other bond is the essence of the state of consecrated
life. Their ecclesial relevance
begins from the moment that their practice becomes established in stable
forms of life. Consecrated life
is a stable form of living, a canonical state of life among the faithful
who profess the evangelical counsels, founded in consecration and the
ecclesial office or function of the consecrated person.
- In the
fundamental equality of all the faithful, the differences in the states of
life are situated according to their ecclesial office or function. All are called to live the evangelical
counsels according to their state in life.
Consecration establishes a particular condition of life in the
Church, without in itself belonging to the hierarchical structure of the
Church.
- The
character of consecrated life is the consecrated form of living the
evangelical counsels in a stable form of life recognized by the
Church. Within this common
condition of life several diversified ways of being consecrated arise.[4] The Church acknowledges three ways of
giving rise to individual consecrated life, which are not institutes, and
which are to be governed according to their Plan of Life which has
received a recognitio of the
Diocese of ________________, and according to the application of the
general norms contained in this part of the Code.[5]
- The
evangelical counsel of chastity assumed in consecrated life for the sake
of the kingdom of heaven, which is a sign of the world to come and a
source of more abundant fruitfulness in an undivided heart, entails the
obligation of perfect continence in celibacy.[6]
- The
evangelical counsel of poverty in imitation of Christ who, although he was
rich, was made poor for us, entails a life which is poor in fact and in
spirit and is to be led productively in moderation and foreign to earthly
riches.[7]
- The
evangelical counsel of obedience in imitation of Christ who remained
subject to his parents and obedient to God the Father, entails a life in
obedience to the Supreme Pontiff, who is also their Superior in the strict
sense of that term in consecrated life,[8]
and the Bishop of ________________, his Vicar for Vocations, and director
of consecrated life.[9]
- In order
to observe their own resolution more faithfully and to perform by mutual
assistance service to the Church in harmony with their proper state, consecrated
virgins can be associated together.[10] This association does not amount to the
creation of a separate juridic person.
- Individuals
consecrated pursuant to these Norms shall have a written Plan of Life
which describes their charism, vocation, Rule, and sacred bonds; their
habit as a sign of their consecration and as a witness of poverty; their
status, mission and life; their governance, rights and duties, including
their work and horarium; their formation and transfer; their duties of
self-support and minimum insurance requirements; and their departure with
dissolution of any juridic person they may create.[11] The Plan of Life shall be submitted to the Bishop of ________________,
asking to receive a recognitio
from him; which recognitio does
not convert the Plan of Life to particular law of the Diocese of ________________. No one has a right to receive such recognitio, which is a privilege
granted at the sole discretion of the Bishop of ________________. The Director of Consecrated Life shall
establish guidelines and work with the person to create a Plan which would
be submitted for recognitio.
- The
Church recognizes multiple ways in which the faithful act in conditio libertatis and the
inherent autonomy of that freedom.
The Plan of Life should recognize a true autonomy of life,
especially of governance, which is founded on the constitutional principle
that emanated from the conditio
libertatis of the faithful, so that it can be suitable for recognitio by the Bishop of ________________.[12] True autonomy of life and governance is
not absolute, nor is it the equivalent of independence. It express the consecrated individual’s
own charismatic identity, own ways of operating, and particular
spiritualities; in full communio,[13]
in balance with subordination and consultation,[14]
and always in coordination.[15]
- The individual may establish an
irrevocable trust or other juridic person, for the purposes of their way
of consecrated life, which qualifies for treatment as a civilly recognized
person capable of making a contract, which juridic person may, or may not,
qualify for civilly tax-deductible donations in the Diocese of ________________. In that event, any individual consecrated person
providing services to the Diocese of ________________ may be treated
similarly to a member of a religious institute, in that the juridic person
and the Diocese of ________________ will enter into a separate contract
for the services of the individual consecrated person, concerning the
terms of service, financial arrangements, conditions of service, website
listing for vocation recruitment and discernment, and annual retreat.[16]
- The special bond between the diocesan
bishop and the individually consecrated person requires a special degree
of spiritual and psychological stability, suitable health, and maturity. The Bishop of the Diocese may designate
one or more houses as formation houses for people preparing for individual
consecration. In that event, the
Bishop of the Diocese may conduct an annual visitation of the formation
house, in the manner of a visitation to an institute of consecrated life.
APPENDIX
II
Focus of Spiritual Life,
Obligations, and Matters of Conscience
- In the Church there are a great many
people in consecrated life which have different gifts according to the
grace which has been given them; they more closely follow Christ who
prays, or announces the kingdom
of God, or does good
to people, or lives with people in the world, yet who always does the will
of the Father.[17]
- The Church gives liturgical expression to
the fact that consecrated life is a state of life consecrated to God. She receives the vows of those who make
profession, implores the divine aid and grace for them in her public
prayer, commends them to God, and bestows a spiritual blessing on them,
joining their self-offering to the Eucharistic sacrifice.[18]
- Let all therefore who have been called to
the profession of the counsels make every effort to persevere and excel
still more in the vocation to which God has called them, for the increase
of the holiness of the church, to the greater glory of the one and
undivided Trinity, which in Christ and through Christ is the source and
origin of all holiness.[19]
- The profession of the evangelical
counsels does not stand in the way of the true development of the human
person but rather by its very nature is supremely conducive to that
process. The counsels, when
willingly embraced in accordance with each one’s personal vocation,
contribute to the purification of the heart and to spiritual freedom, to
conform the person to the kind of virginal and poor life that Christ the
Lord chose for himself and which his virgin mother also embraced.[20]
- The Bishop may appoint a spiritual
director for an individual consecrated person; they may also choose their
own spiritual director from __ [describe qualifications].
- The individual consecrated person shall
take an annual spiritual retreat of one week in an appropriate sacred
place.
- A well-formed conscience is essential to
individual consecrated life. It
formulates its judgments according to reason, in conformity with the true
good willed by the wisdom of the Creator.
The education of conscience is indispensable for human beings who
are subjected to negative influences and tempted by sin to prefer their
own judgment and to reject authoritative teachings. In the formation of conscience the Wjord
of God is the light for our path, we must assimilate it in faith and
prayer and put it into practice. We
must also examine our conscience before the Lord’s Cross. We are assisted by the gifts of the Holy
spirit, aided by the witness or advice of others and guided by the
authoritative teaching of the Church.[21]
Appendix III
Formation for individual
consecrated life
- Where the
candidate was an only child or the only child of that sex, they grew to
adulthood with no peer relationships in their homes. Often for such children, the only people
whose first duty was the child’s development were people who were paid for
that work, and these children were aware of the fact. The difficulty in formation is to teach
such a person to relate to peers without giving offense within the culture
in which they will serve, and without taking offense; to refrain from
making interpretations that offense is intended; to teach the person to
rejoice in the gifts and goodness of their peers; to teach choosing
charity for the other in preference to one’s own rights and
expectations. It cannot be assumed
they “should know” what all that means; they have never been in
circumstances to experience it on a daily basis. Their training has been more in the way
of relativism. We find that it is a
matter of true ignorance among them.
- The predominant character weakness in our culture
is that of selfishness, which is a major obstacle of self-giving in every
vocation. The development which is
to be sought in formation, a major indicator of affective maturity in
every vocation, is self-giving.
Mature self-giving includes the ability to receive from God and
from others. Growth in charity
through growth in affective maturity involves growth in the ability to
address the most common emotional stresses; that is, anxiety, weak
confidence, anger, loneliness, and sadness. Anxiety can be overcome by growth in
trust and confidence in God and in His Plan of Salvation; anger and
sadness by growth in the virtues of humility and forgiveness; and
loneliness by growth in one’s prayer life and in the ability to receive
the love of God and others on a regular basis and to give oneself. In these areas childhood and adolescent ignorance
and a learned sense of self-centered entitlement, as much as conflicts, may
also need to be uncovered and spiritually addressed. A commitment to grow in numerous ways is
necessary for the development of charity in daily life in an authentic
vocational formation program.
- It is the policy of this Diocese to
prohibit punishment and disconfirmation as the means of teaching charity
in daily life to such people, whose lack is one of ignorance. After receiving such punishment, they
still do not know what is their fault; they have only been dominated. The teaching of John Paul PP. II is
true, when he begged us to stop relating to others through
domination. The means of teaching
in formation is to be positive education in the norms of charitable social
behavior. The education is to be
done first on an organized and scheduled basis. It is also to be done whenever the
person gives evidence in their individual expression of that ignorance of
the priority of life in Christ:
charity among their peers for the good of all, freely chosen over
their own rights and expectations.
The latter education is necessarily to be patient and repetitious,
to overcome habitual responses reinforced over a lifetime by the
predominating secular culture.
Positive education does not include public humiliation of an
individual.
- For the beginnings of answering the call
to individual consecrated life with
one’s spiritual director, it is the policy of this Diocese not to institutionalize the process. Profession of private vows are more
appropriate to those beginnings.
- The progression we have in mind is from
the beginnings through a probationary period of at least one year,
followed by private profession of at least three years, culminating in
making an application for permanent profession to be received by the
Bishop of ________________. The
application for permanent profession shall be made through the
Diocesan Vicar for Vocations, and/or Director of Individual
Consecrated Life, as the hierarchy may be for the applicant. If at the time of application the
applicant is a “religious” in the canonical sense,[22]
the application shall be made through the Vicar for Religious Life.
Appendix
IV
Vows
- Unless they are prohibited by law, all
who possess suitable use of reason are capable of making a vow of
individual consecration through the evangelical counsels.[23] Prohibition by law may be:
- reservation
to the Holy See of changes in the state of life[24]
- reserved
to the local ordinary of changes in the state of life. Priests and deacons are not granted the
power to dispense changes in the state of life to enter individual
consecrated life.[25]
- A vow
made out of grave and unjust fear or malice is null by the law itself.[26] The fear in c. 1191.3 must be in
response to something external to the person; it must have been unjustly
induced; and is must be the cause of the vow and not merely the occasion
of it.
- For the
vow to be valid, it is necessary that the deliberation be exhaustive and
the freedom with which it is performed be absolute. [27]
The maxim avoid the multiplication
of bonds is appropriate to the deliberation prior to making the vow.
- A vow is
public if a legitimate superior accepts it in the name of the Church;
otherwise it is private.[28]
- A vow of
individual consecration through the evangelical counsels may be personal,
or mixed if it shares the nature of both a personal and real vow.[29]
- By its
nature a vow obliges only the person who makes it.[30]
- A vow
ceases by
- the lapse of the time designated to
fulfill the obligation,
- a substantial change of the matter
promised,
- the absence of a condition on which
the vow depends,
- the absence of the purpose of the
vow,
- dispensation, or
- commutation.[31]
[3] LG
42-43; CIC1983 c. 576; PC 1; Catechism , no. 915.
[4] LG
42-43; VC 3, 4; PC 1; Exegetical Commentary p 1473-4-5; Catechism no. 915
[5] LG
45; CIC1983 c. 603, 604, and 605; PC
1, 19; AG 18, RC prooemium; MR 9c, 51.
[6] LG
42; PC 12; PO 16, ET 15; CIC1983 c. 599.
[8] cf., CIC1917 c. 499 §1; CIC1983
c 590 §2; see cc 336, 591, 593.
[10] AA
19; CIC1983 c. 604, §2; VC 7; S. Th. II II, q. 152.
[11] Cf., principles of proper law in LG 45; CIC1983 c. 587; PC 4; ES II: 4d, 8, 11, 12, 13; MG:
569.
[12] LG
9; Exeg. Comm., p 1500;
[13] Cf., principles of communio expressed in CIC1983 c. 675 §1.
[14] Cf., principles of subordination and
consultation expressed in CIC1983 c. 678.
[15] Exeg. Comm. pp. 1500-1503; cf., principles
of coordination expressed in CIC1983 c. 678 §3, 680, 681 §1.
[16] Cf. CIC1983 c. 680, 681.
[17] LG
36, 46; CIC1983 c. 577, CIC1917 c. 488; PC 8a, 11.
[21] Catechism, ¶¶ 1786 through 1802.
[23] CIC1983 cc. 60, 1191, §2; CIC1917,
cc. 36 §1; SCSO Resp. I, 27 Jan 1928 (AAS 20 [1928] 75); 1307, §2.
[25] Cf., CIC1983
cc. 87, 88, 89, 90, 1075, 1077, 1078.
[26] CIC1983 c. 1191, §3; CIC1917
c. 1307, §3.
[28] LG
44, 45; SC 80; CIC1983 c. 1192, 1;
CIC1917 c. 1308, 1; Pius PP. XII,
Apos. Const. Provida Mater Ecclesia, 1/2/47, 119.
[29] CIC1983 c. 1192, 3; CIC1917 c. 1308, 4.
[30] CIC1983 c. 1193; CIC1917
c. 1310; SCpC Resp., 18 Jan. 1936 (AAS 29 [1937] 343-345).
[31] CIC1983 c. 1194; CIC1917
c. 1311.
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